How to Promote Student Growth

There is a growing need to measure students growth and success in the classroom, especially with all the talk in the media about teacher evaluations. Its standard to measure student growth at the beginning and the end of the school year with standardized testing. But, can these test scores give teachers and parents a good understanding of the students growth? What are some other ways educators can measure students learning throughout the year? Here we will examine a few ways that teachers can promote student understanding and performance. Ways to Promote Student Development According to Wong and Wong, there are some ways professional educators can promote student growth in their classroom: Set high expectations for student achievementMake sure that students perform at or above expectationsSolve problems so students will receive servicesUse up to date research and technologyPlan instructional strategiesApply higher-order learning skillsApply information-processing strategiesApply complex learning tasksUse cooperative learning in the classroomUse invitational learning in the classroomArticulate information clearlyApply classroom management These suggestions that the Wongs gave will indeed help students to achieve and demonstrate their abilities. Promoting this kind of learning can help students prepare for the standardized testing that measures their growth throughout the year. By using the suggestions from the Wongs, teachers will be preparing their students to be successful on these tests while promoting and developing important skills. A Variety of Ways to Measure Student Performance Measuring student growth solely on standardized tests have always been the easiest way for teachers to determine that the students are grasping the information taught. According to an article in the Washington Post, the problem with standardized tests is that they mainly focus on math and reading and do not take into account other subjects and skills students should be developing. These tests can be one part of measuring academic achievement, not the whole part. Students can be evaluated on multiple measures such as: Growth throughout several yearsPortfolio of students work in all subjectsExamsCritical thinking skillsProblem-solving skillsGroup ProjectsWritten and oral presentationsClass projects and experiments Including these measures along with standardized testing would not only encourage teachers to teach a wide range of subjects well but would also accomplish Presidents Obamas goal to make all children college ready. Even the poorest of students would have the opportunity to demonstrate these critical skills. Achieving Student Success To achieve students academic success, it is paramount that teachers and parents work together to help develop and build skills throughout the school year. A combination of motivation, organization, time management, and concentration will help students stay on track and be able to achieve successful test scores. Use the following tips to help students achieve success: Motivation To help motivate students to find out what they are passionate about and use their interests to connect with their school work. Organization For many students, something as simple as staying organized is the key to academic success. To help students stay organized, organize and label all materials and notebooks and keep a checklist of essential tasks. Time Management Learning to prioritize and manage time can be difficult for students. To help them manage their time keep track of assignments and tasks by creating a school calendar. Concentration Students get distracted very easily, to keep their minds on the task at hand enlist parents to designate a quiet zone for homework where there are NO interruptions. Sources: Wong K.H. Wong R.T (2004).How To Be An Effective Teacher The First Days Of School. Mountain View, CA: Harry K. Wong Publications, Inc. TheWashingtonpost.com

Juvenile Delinquency Is Committed By A Minor Under The Age...

Juvenile delinquency refers to a status offense that is committed by a minor under the age of 18. Status offenses include crimes against property, for example, vandalism or stealing, physical violence against others for example, aggravated assault, murder, other crimes such as drug abuse violations, curfew and loitering, and driving under the influence; and sexual crimes for example sexual assault or rape (Enginurt, Ozer, Demir, Yildirim, Cankaya, 2014; Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, n.d.). Statistics of crimes committed by juveniles include the following: 225 arrests for violent Crime Index offenses for every 100,000 youth between the ages of 10 and 17 years-old, juveniles were known to be involved in 8% of all homicides, and violent crimes committed by juveniles peaked during the after school hours (National Institute of Justice, n.d.). Juvenile Courts deal with minors who have been accused of committing a delinquent act and are considered juvenile delinquency cases. When a case is heard is juvenile court the prosecutor typically looks at the following things according to lawyer Kathleen Michon (2015): the severity of the offense, the juvenile s age, the juvenile s past record, the strength of the evidence in the case, the juvenile s gender (boys are more likely to be charged than girls), the juvenile s social history, and the ability of the minor s parents to control his or her behavior (p.1). Two options are seen in juvenile court, they areShow MoreRelatedJuvenile Delinquency Is An Integral Part Of Criminology1559 Words   |  7 Pagescurb delinquency in juveniles. Children are expected to be obedient, respectful and imbibe virtues and good quality in them. Due to various reasons children do not follow settled social and legal dictum. Juvenile delinquency, as a legal concept is of recent origin. Juvenile delinqu ency is an integral part of criminology. The two cannot be separated since one of the reasons for crime and its continuance into adult life is the ineffective control and treatment of juveniles. Juvenile delinquency is aRead MoreJuvenile Delinquency And Its Effect On Schools Essay957 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction Juvenile delinquency appears to be increasing daily and this increase has impacted schools, communities and the government. Several years ago, gang violence was the driving force in delinquency and specifically targeted certain groups. More heinous crimes are being committed by youth under the age of 18. The problem continues about where to place the youth based on the crime and also considering their age. The mirroring of delinquency has been perceived by others who are challengedRead MoreFactors That Cause The Increase Rate Of Juvenile Delinquency Essay1666 Words   |  7 Pagesincrease rate of Juvenile delinquencies. A survey research design will be used. Simple random sampling technique will be used while questionnaire and interview schedule will be necessary data collection instruments. This project will use the findings to know how to reduce the increasing rates of juvenile delinquency and also how to improve the current juvenile institutions available in order to be more productive. Juvenile Delinquency Introduction Juvenile delinquency is a situationRead MoreJuvenile Delinquency Prevention Act Of 19741576 Words   |  7 Pagesexploring the internet on juvenile delinquents. We as a class have had many good questions to answer about the different ways juveniles are treated, and what the correct or incorrect treatment is for juveniles. We have written many papers and had many discussion on historical milestones, landmark cases, adult courts, juvenile courts, probation and parole, detention centers and juvenile training programs. This semester has really changed the way that I look at juvenile delinquents. Three historicalRead MoreThe Causes Of Juvenile Delinquency1172 Words   |  5 Pages Juvenile delinquents are children/adolescents that are between the ages of 10 and 18 and have committed any illegal act that violates the law. These acts arent usually referred to as â€Å"crimes† as they would be for adults. These â€Å"crimes† are committed by minors and are called â€Å"delinquent acts.† These delinquent acts are believed to be caused by a number of factors that include the minors brain development, environment and social interactions. Peer groups are a very strong influence that can causeRead MoreJuvenile Delinquency And The Law Of The United States Essay976 Words   |  4 PagesDefinitions of juvenile delinquency vary everywhere you go in the world. The laws change from country to country and even from state to state. The United States Justice Department defines a juvenile as â€Å"a person who has not attained his eighteenth birthday†, and juv enile delinquency â€Å"as the violation of a law of the United States committed by a person prior to his eighteenth birthday, which would have been a crime if committed by an adult† (Office). The Justice Department also says, â€Å"A personRead MoreJuvenile Crime Law Is A Subcategory Of Juvenile Law937 Words   |  4 PagesJuvenile Crime Law is a subcategory of Juvenile Law. Although a type of criminal law, juvenile crime law only deals with under-age individuals, who are treated very differently than adults in criminal law, and usually have their own courts of law (Juvenile Criminal Law, n.d.). When it comes to crime, kids usually go through a different process than adults. But they still have to face consequences (Juvenile Crimes Juvenile Justice - Nolo.com, n.d.). Juvenile Criminal Law is a relevant issue inRead MoreJuvenile Crimes1247 Words   |  5 PagesJuvenile crime is a growing problem that endangers virtually every American. Juvenile delinquency is enormously damaging to the health and well-being of the nations families and communities. A juvenile crime can consist of DUI, robbery, rape, minor in possession, weapon in possession anything an adult can be charged with. Individuals under the age of eighteen who commit these crimes can be charged as a juvenile delinquent. Statistics show that most juveniles that commit crimes are in a gang; weatherRead MoreJuvenile Justice System1739 Words   |  7 PagesThe juvenile justice system is a foundation in society that is granted certain powers and responsibilities. It faces several different tasks, among the most important is maintaining order and preserving constitutional rights. When a juvenile is arrested and charged with committing a crime there are many different factors that will come in to play during the course of his arrest, trial, conviction, sentencing, and rehabilitation process. This paper examines the Juvenile Justice System’s court processRead MoreJuvenile Delinquency in the United States1585 Words   |  6 PagesJuvenile Crime Statistics Wendy R Swartz Keiser University Abstract: In this document, the topic of juvenile delinquency in the United States is thoroughly examined. Approximately 1.5 million minors (those are citizens who are under the age of 18) are arrested for criminal activity each year in the US. These juveniles are arrested for a variety of crimes; everything from petty vandalism and loitering to prostitution, drug dealing, and even murder. Of these, 70% of offenders will be tried and

Key Features of Sunliner Monte Carlo

Question: Discuss about the Key Features of Sunliner Monte Carlo. Answer: Introduction This study has highlighted the key features of Sunliner Monte Carlo campervan RV in Melbourne, Australia. The research will demonstrate the organizational performanceof Sunlinerand will also describe how it will influence the consumers satisfaction level.In addition, this study is also benefitted to describe the issues faced by this organization, as it is necessary to identify the organizational performance. This study will also highlight the aims and objectives of this study. In addition, the research questions and rationale will also be described in this context. Background of the study The Monte Carlo is a luxury motor home. In the words of Mackey and Gass (2015), it can be stated that Sunliner Monte Carlo is the flagship of Sunliner range of RV. In the other hand, it can be mentioned that Monte Carlo has the largest luxury in an RV industry. The researchwill be helpful to the researcher to identify the performance of the organization. Sunliner has been offering a wide range of choices, who are willing road trip with full of fun (Taylor, Bogdanand DeVault2015). Research aim and objectives The aim of this study is to analyze the impact of the performance of Sunliner group on theconsumers of Melbourne, Australia. The objectives of the research can be discussed as: To critically estimate the key features of the Sunliner Monte Carlo campervan RV, which influence the organizational performance To critically estimate the key features of Sunliner Monte Carlo, which influence the consumers of Melbourne To investigate the key features, which are related to the Sunliner Monte Carlocampervan with the consumers in Melbourne Research questions What are the key features of Sunliner Monte Carlo campervan, which influence the performance of the organization? What are the key features of Sunliner Monte Carlo campervan, which influence the satisfaction level of the consumers of Melbourne? What are the key features, which related the Sunliner Monte Carlo campervan with the people of Melbourne? Rationale of the study The study will highlight the issues faced by this group in their business. In this context, Flick (2015) opined that Sunlinerdoes not get license for their business. In addition, it can be added that the cost of purchase of their service is higher, which cannot be affordable by all of the consumers of Melbourne. Research hypothesis Suppose H0 is assumed as the null hypothesis whereas H1 is assumed as the alternative hypothesis. H0: There is a negative impact of the key features of Sunliner Monte Carlo RV on the consumers of Melbourne. H1: There is a positive impact of the key features of Sunliner Monte Carlo RV on the consumers of Melbourne. Introduction In this section of this study, the key features and the performance of Sunliner Monte Carlo is considered as the independent variable whereas the satisfaction level of the consumers is considered as the dependent variable. In order to understand the impact of the service of Sunliner Monte Carlo on the consumers, the researcher will discuss the structure of motor home;types of equipment, social structure, tourism services etc (Silverman 2016). Literature review section will be helpful to gain a greater knowledge of the study. However, the key issues faced by this group will also be described. Service of Sunliner Monte Carlo In order to understand the service of Sunliner group, it is required to discuss the available layouts of Monte Carlo. There are four layouts, which are offered by Monte Carlo. The review is depending upon the Monte Carlo MC3 and it has four slide outs. In addition, two dining area and two bedrooms are available in this motor home. In the opinion of Gastand Ledford (2014), Sunliner Monte Carlo is a luxurious tardis. Moreover, this type of motor home is very spacious, for which the consumers can get enough space for their relaxation. Social structure of the consumers of Melbourne In the words of Panneerselvam (2014), it can be mentioned that Melbourne is the second largest city of Australia. The workforce culture of Melbourne is good, where the organizations give priority to the skilled labor. Two third people of the overall population are employed. The income structure and the standard of living of Melbourne arecomparatively high. In this context, it can be mentioned that Melbourne has higher level of home ownership. They have potential to take the service of Sunlier Monte Carlo group (Tarone, Gassand Cohen 2013). Although the cost of the service of this group is higher, however, the people are willing to take the service of this motor home. The people of Melbourne are highly susceptive towards the spending of cultural events and are willing to spend their holiday trips in this type of motor home. Tourism services of Melbourne Tourism service of Melbourne is an important element of the economy of Australia. According to Bauer (2014), it can be stated thatthe tourism sector of Melbourne has provided 3.0 percent of the entire GDP of Australia.In addition, regional tourism sector provide 73 percent of the direct tourism GDP. On the other hand, apart from the global economic challenges in 2010-2011, tourism growth was supported by the improving consumption. Sunliner Monte Carlo group provides to the consumers a special holiday designing features. The interior of this motor home is designed similar to a home (Billig and Waterman 2014. There is kitchen bench, a bedroom, bathroom, which is attached to the bedroom. This home like structure is highly appreciable to the consumers. During holiday, they usually get the essence and the feelings of home will be obtained. Therefore, the consumers as well as the service takers can spend their holidays with their family members under a homely and soothing atmosphere. Equipments and furniture The furniture of this motor home is timber finished. Lighting during the holiday package is a combination of halogen and fluorescent fittings. On the other hand, it can be observed that all of the windows have standard incorporated blinds and also insect screens. All of the parts are covered with curtain except kitchen. In addition, behind the drivers seat, there is a caf style dinette (Sunliner.com.au. 2017). Interior of Sunliner Monte Carlo The Sunliner Monte Carlo has the largest luxury of all in the RV space. The attraction of this type of motor home is the space, which is created by four sliding walls. On the other hand, it can be observed that Monte Carlo has created separate living room, bedroom and bathroom. Monte Carlo is fully equipped outdoor slide out kitchen. In addition, it can be noticed that the design of the kitchen is camper trailer style. There are to burner cook top, sink along with the cold and hot water along with the small wine bottle fridge. Moreover, the external storages are available in the external kitchen bins (Bauer 2014). This motor car has the capacity to carry 1500 kg load, however, could lead to the temptation to carry higher amount of unnecessary gear. Key features of living inside of Sunliner Monte Carlo Monte Carlo reveals that this motor home has considerable space, which is divided into two such as the front being living room and rear being living. The interior colour of Sunliner Monte Carlo is beige but the overall impact of internal decor is bit retro. In the front area of kitchen bench covers the nearside wall, which is next to the entry door. In the cab area, both seats are swivel. Back in the rear, the drop down bed covers the centre stage along with a TV viewing area underneath. LED lights are used across the Sunliner Monte Carlo and are well placed (Hovorka 2016). All the 12V switches and a radio or CD player is located on the panel, which is above the entry door. Solar panel regulator and generator controls are fitted into the overhead locker. Trend of the people of Melbourne In the words of Hovorka (2016), the people of Melbourne are highly willing to spend their holidays in a unique manner with their family. They are willing to avail luxury life and also want to relax during their holiday. For their adventurous characteristics, the space for the RV industry will be expanded. Moreover, as per the todays trend of Melbourne, it can be noticed that it is getting fascinated with the campervans as well as also with the classy motor homes (Lusheyand Munro 2015). Research methodology Introduction This chapter ofthis research study will describe the process and techniques, which will be explained in this research. In this context, this study will explain the research process, research philosophy, research approach, design of the research, the method of data collection, the sampling technique, size of the sample and the ethical considerations in order to accomplish the study. Research philosophy In order to accomplish the study, the researcher will choose the positivism research philosophy. As per the statement of Karpet al., (2016), it can be mentioned that positivism approach is helpful to make the research a greater structured one. On the other hand, in case of positivism approach, an ideal hypothesis is required to follow with the help of data, which are collected previously. With the help of this techniques, the researcher can perform an in depth investigation in the future. Furthermore, it can be stated that in case of larger size of sample, the positivism approach will be appropriated. Research approach According to Riedl, Davis and Hevner (2014), the research approach is required to develop to complete the research significantly. The researcher will apply the deductive approach. This will be helpful to examine the validity of the mentioned assumptions in this research. The researcher will follow the deductive approach due to the availability of abundance resources. In addition, as the time to accomplish the study is limited, the researcher choosesdeductive approach. Research design The researcher will select the descriptive research design in order to complete the research. In the points of Khan (2014), in order to make in depth analysis, the researcher will follow the descriptive investigation. Different factors and elements are used in order to make the study simpler. In case of descriptive investigation, the researcher will be able to accumulate the knowledge about the topic and this will in turnhelp the researcher to get appropriate information. Moreover, it can be added that the descriptive design will be benefitted to explain the nature of the phenomena of this research. This type of design will be supportive to achieve a detailed manner of this study (Taylor, Bogdanand DeVault2015). On the other hand, sometimes the researcher will like to create own knowledge. Therefore, this is the exploratory investigation. Data collection process There are two types of data collection method such as primary method and secondary method. It is known that in case of primary research, the researcher requires to conduct interview in order to collect the data. On the other hand, in case of secondary method, the researcher will collect the data from any previous sources. Moreover, the researcher will chose both the qualitative and quantitative techniques (Gastand Ledford 2014). The quantitative analysis will be performed by surveying the workers of Monte Carlo of Sunliner RV with the help of online or through official website, whereas the qualitative analysis will be done on the managers of the organization. In order to complete the study, the researcher will conduct primary research. As the topic of this research is highly review oriented, therefore, the researcher will opt for primary research. Therefore, the researcher will choose ten people from the management group of the mentioned company (Tarone, Gassand Cohen 2013). Remainin g ninety people will be the consumers, who are taking the services from the RV industry in Melbourne. Sampling method There are two types of sampling method such as probability and non-probability approach. These two types sampling approaches are applicable in case of primary type data collection process. As opined by Billigand Waterman (2014), it can be mentioned that probability sampling method is benefitted in case of selecting the respondents randomly. On the other hand, in case of non-probabilitymethod, the researcher will select the respondents as per the requirements of the study. In order to accomplish the research, the researcher will select simple random technique and will conduct the survey on hundred random people (Lusheyand Munro 2015). Among these 100 people, ten people are from management of Sunliner organization. Sample size The researcher will focus to accomplish the research in a detailed approach and therefore, the researcher has chosen 10 managers and 90 consumers of Sunliner group. A set of 5 questions will be set, among which 1 question will be based on demography. These questionnaires will be forwarded to the consumers through email (Wiek and Lang 2016). The questions, which will be asked to the consumers, will be close ended. Moreover, a set of 3 questions will be developed to conduct the interview on the managers of the organization. The conversation with the organizational managers will be conducted through the telephone. Ethical consideration The researcher needs to maintain some specific ethical issues during conducting the research. As per the Data Protection Act 1998, it is necessary to maintain the privacy of unpublished information. Moreover, the researcher also requires to take permission before conducting the interview. In case of choosing the consumers, the researcher will not be biased, so that the emotion of the consumers will not hurt.The researcher also requires to consider the former consent from the respondents about the consumers of Sunliner to the managers of the company (Riedl, Davis and Hevner2014). The researcher requires to ensurethe respondents that the accumulated information from them will never be used unethically. Gantt chart provides the work plan of the research. The researcher will work as per the Gantt chart in each of the week (Walter and Andersen 2013). Summary The research methodology section of this research will be used to derive an outcome for the study. In order to accomplish the study, the positivism research philosophy will be followed. In addition, the researcher will follow deductive approach. Moreover, in this study, the descriptive research design will be considered. Both the qualitative and quantitative analysis will be done to complete the primary research survey. On the other hand, the researcher will opt for simple random sampling technique (Vamsi Krishna Jastiand Kodali2014). As a result, the researcher has planned to conduct an interview on 10 managers of the organization. Apart from this, the researcher will choose 90 consumers in order to identify the performance of the company. With the help of regression analysis, the researcher will be able to derive the impact and also can infer the conclusion. Expected outcome As the researcher will follow the both the quantitative and qualitative analysis, the response of the consumers are evaluated in order to identify the impact of the key features of SunlinerMonte Carlo on the people of Melbourne. On the other hand, the feedback can be received from the managers of this type of motor home. In order to derive the conclusion of this research, the researcher will perform regression analysis. This statistical analysis will be performed based on the collected data and literature review. The expected outcome of this research is that the key features of Sunliner Monte Carlo group have a positive impact on the consumers. Therefore, it can be expected that the alternative hypothesis will be accepted and the null hypothesis will be rejected. Conclusion From the above analysis, it can be mentioned that the null hypothesis will be rejected and the alternative hypothesis will be accepted. Therefore, in can be inferred that there is a positive impact of the service of Sunliner Monte Carlo on the consumers of Melbourne. As the standard of living of the people of Melbourne is higher and they are willing to spend their holidays in a luxury way, it can speculate that the consumers will like to take the service of Sunliner Monte Carlo RV. On the other hand, the interior decoration, their furniture all are appreciable and make a positive impact on their performance. As a result, the satisfaction level of the consumers will also increase. References Bauer, G.R., 2014. Incorporating intersectionality theory into population health research methodology: Challenges and the potential to advance health equity.Social Science Medicine,110, pp.10-17. Billig, S.H. and Waterman, A.S. eds., 2014.Studying service-learning: Innovations in education research methodology. Routledge. Flick, U., 2015.Introducing research methodology: A beginner's guide to doing a research project.Sage. Gast, D.L. and Ledford, J.R., 2014.Single case research methodology: Applications in special education and behavioral sciences. Routledge. Hovorka, A.J., 2016. Gender resources for urban agriculture research: methodology, directory and annotated bibliography. Karlsson, C. ed., 2016.Research Methods for Operations Management.Routledge. Karp, J.F., Dew, M.A., Wahed, A.S., Fitzgerald, K., Bolon, C.A., Weiner, D.K., Morse, J.Q., Albert, S., Butters, M., Gildengers, A. and Reynolds, C.F., 2016. Challenges and solutions for depression prevention research: methodology for a depression prevention trial for older adults with knee arthritis and emotional distress.The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry,24(6), pp.433-443. Khan, J., 2014. Reduction Of Cost Of Quality By Using Robust Design: A Research Methodology. Lushey, C.J. and Munro, E.R., 2015. Participatory peer research methodology: An effective method for obtaining young peoples perspectives on transitions from care to adulthood?.Qualitative Social Work,14(4), pp.522-537. Mackert, M., Champlin, S.E., Holton, A., Muoz, I.I. and Damsio, M.J., 2014.eHealth and health literacy: A research methodology review.Journal of Computer?Mediated Communication,19(3), pp.516-528. Mackey, A. and Gass, S.M., 2015.Second language research: Methodology and design. Routledge. Panneerselvam, R., 2014.Research methodology. PHI Learning Pvt.Ltd.. Riedl, R., Davis, F.D. and Hevner, A.R., 2014. Towards a NeuroIS research methodology: intensifying the discussion on methods, tools, and measurement.Journal of the Association for Information Systems,15(10), p.I. Silverman, D. ed., 2016.Qualitative research.Sage. Sunliner.com.au. (2017).MONTE CARLO Sunliner Monte Carlo the best luxury motor home in Australia - Sunliner RV. Available at: https://www.sunliner.com.au/our-range/motorhomes/monte-carlo [Accessed 28 Jan. 2017]. Tarone, E.E., Gass, S.M. and Cohen, A.D., 2013.Research methodology in second-language acquisition.Routledge. Taylor, S.J., Bogdan, R. and DeVault, M., 2015.Introduction to qualitative research methods: A guidebook and resource. John Wiley Sons. Vamsi Krishna Jasti, N. and Kodali, R., 2014. A literature review of empirical research methodology in lean manufacturing.International Journal of Operations Production Management,34(8), pp.1080-1122. Walter, M. and Andersen, C., 2013.Indigenous statistics: A quantitative research methodology. Left Coast Press. Wiek, A. and Lang, D.J., 2016. Transformational sustainability research methodology.InSustainability Science(pp. 31-41).Springer Netherlands.

TJ Nethery Essays (609 words) - , Term Papers

TJ Nethery American Political Thought 3/3/17 Henry Clay Leader of the Whig party and five times and unsuccessful presidential candidate, Henry Clay played a central role on the stage of national politics for over 40 years. He was the secretary of state under John Quincy Adams, Speaker of the House of Representatives longer than anyone else in the nineteenth century, and the most influential member of the Senate during its golden age. Known as the "Great Compromiser" Henry Clay shoed his political power and knowledge by playing a crucial role in brokering a two-part solution known as the Missouri Compromise. First, Missouri would be admitted to the union as a slave state, but would be balanced by the admission of Maine, a free state, that had long wanted to be separated from Massachusetts. Second, slavery was to be excluded from all new states in the Louisiana Purchase north of the southern boundary of Missouri. People on both sides of the controversy saw the compromise as deeply flawed. Nevertheless, it lasted for over thirty y ears until the Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854 determined that new states north of the boundary deserved to be able to exercise their sovereignty in favor of slavery if they so choose. But in this reading I will be discussing the American System and the speech that was given to help proctor and broker this ideology. The American System was an economic plan that played a prominent role in American policy during the first half of the 19th century. Rooted in the "American School" ideas of Alexander Hamilton, the plan "consisted of three mutually reinforcing parts: a tariff to protect and promote American industry; a national bank to foster commerce; and federal subsidies for roads, canals, and other 'internal improvements' to develop profitable markets for agric ulture". Congressman Henry Clay was the plan's foremost proponent and the first to refer to it as the "American System". The main points of this speech and the main parts of Clay's thinking were set in three main Categories: An establishment of a protective tariff, the idea of having the first national bank, and the improvement of the country's infrastructure. The protective tariff would be a 20% to 25% tax on imported goods, this tax would protect a nations business from any foreign competition. Congress passed a tariff in 1816 which made European goods more expensive and encouraged consumers to by cheaper American- made goods. The establishment of a national bank would promote a s ingle currency, making trade easier, and issue what was called the sovereign credit or credit issued by the national government rather than borrowed from the private banking system. In 1816 Congress created the second bank of the United States. The improvement of the country's infrastructure, especially transportation systems, made trade easier and faster for everyone. The poor roads that were used were costly and made trading slow. Henry Clay's "American System," devised in the burst of nationalism that followed the War of 1812, remains one of the most historically significant examples of a government- sponsored program to harmonize and balance the nation's agriculture, commerce, and industry. This "System" consisted of three mutually re - enforcing parts: a tariff to protect and promote American industry; a national bank to foster commerce; and federal subsidies for roads, canals, and other "internal improvements" to develop profitable markets for agriculture. Funds for these subsidies would be obtained from tariffs and sales of public lands. Clay argued that a vigorously maintained system of sectional economic interdependence would eliminate the chance of renewed subservience to the free-trade, laissez-faire "British System." United States Senate website